Everybody knows that Operating system software is the main leader to manage and controls the computer peripherals and gives users with an interface used to access these resources. OS can be found for different types of device that is made with ICs like Ipod, PC, Internet Servers, portable music players, cell phones, digital cameras and video games. Some Common and well known operating Systems are windows, Linux, UNIX, Macintosh and Novell. Among these Windows and Linux are the most widely used and most popular operating systems.
Windows and Linux are completely different in technologies point of view, interface and reliability. The main differences between Windows and Linux are as follows:
1. Linux is completely free and open source operating system .Windows very costly as compared to Linux. But both these operating systems are very expensive to maintain.
2. Linux is more reliable operating system as compared to Windows. Windows creates several hidden problems that can lead to system failure.
3. You can reproduce and copy the Linux code at very low cost but not of windows. Because Linux is an open source operating system whereas Windows is a closed source operating system.
4. Time pressure for development of the publicized closed source product to fulfill a sales target is also a thought to play a big role in the number of errors in windows while Linux has no issues with this kind of errors.
Consistency is the major problem with windows operating system. It causes hidden errors that can lead to system failure and ultimately can cause data loss.
Data loss is one of the biggest problems for both windows and linux users where he/she can loose there all important data stored on computer that can lead their business to destroy. In these situations, it becomes very important to recover these data.
You can recover your lost data with the help of data recovery software. Data recovery software can be different for different operating systems. For Linux operating system, this software is known as Linux recovery software similar case with windows. Linux and windows data recovery software are capable for hard drive and partition data recovery also help full in recovering all types of lost files and data, but difference depends on there file systems , Linux uses ext2, ext3, raiser file system while windows used fat and ntfs file system.
Stellar Phoenix Windows Data Recovery is robust and powerful data recovery software from that you can use in all possible cases of data loss from windows computer. This data recovery software uses advanced scanning algorithms to search and locate the lost data and recover them in the original format. This software also works as Partition recovery software and can recover the lost or missing windows hard drive partitions based on FAT and NTFS file system.
Stellar Phoenix Linux data recovery software is compatible with EXT2, EXT3, Reiser file system and it also compatible with all versions of Linux.
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
Monday, March 30, 2009
How to Resolve the Corrupted File System in Linux
The file system in Linux is in the form of metadata structure that is used to keep record of files on the hard drive that is the way in which the files are arranged on the hard drive.
Here the file system has a component based complex design and they are prone to corruption. For calm working of the system, the validity and correctness of the file system is extremely important. In case the file system gets corrupted the data gets lost or becomes inaccessible.
By using fsck command the validity and correctness of a Linux file system can be checked. This command can be used for repairing some minor issues and it alerts the user if it finds any error.
The code for implementing the file system is debugged very effectively, therefore it is easy for fsck command to detect the problems. The problems are generally caused by user mistakes, improper shutdown, virus attack and other similar reasons.
The modern Linux file systems are setup for running fsck automatically during boot process so that it can detect the errors and can correct them. If the file system is not setup to do this, then there is a need to identify the problems and then run fsck manually.
In case the user uses a corrupted file system, it may make the situations even more critical. If the meta data structures get corrupted and we are still using them, it will affect them even more and may result as large scale data loss.
In case of severe corruption problems the fsck command doesn’t remain too much effective. In those situations we need to go for Linux Recovery to recover the data and control the situation.
Linux Data Recovery is best possible using third party applications known as Linux Recovery software. This software is capable of scanning thoroughly the hard drive, finding the entire lost data to achieve complete Data Recovery Linux.
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Here the file system has a component based complex design and they are prone to corruption. For calm working of the system, the validity and correctness of the file system is extremely important. In case the file system gets corrupted the data gets lost or becomes inaccessible.
By using fsck command the validity and correctness of a Linux file system can be checked. This command can be used for repairing some minor issues and it alerts the user if it finds any error.
The code for implementing the file system is debugged very effectively, therefore it is easy for fsck command to detect the problems. The problems are generally caused by user mistakes, improper shutdown, virus attack and other similar reasons.
The modern Linux file systems are setup for running fsck automatically during boot process so that it can detect the errors and can correct them. If the file system is not setup to do this, then there is a need to identify the problems and then run fsck manually.
In case the user uses a corrupted file system, it may make the situations even more critical. If the meta data structures get corrupted and we are still using them, it will affect them even more and may result as large scale data loss.
In case of severe corruption problems the fsck command doesn’t remain too much effective. In those situations we need to go for Linux Recovery to recover the data and control the situation.
Linux Data Recovery is best possible using third party applications known as Linux Recovery software. This software is capable of scanning thoroughly the hard drive, finding the entire lost data to achieve complete Data Recovery Linux.
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Sunday, March 29, 2009
If Root Directory Corruption Occurs in Linux
Linux has the specific management to manage the files stored on any partition or volume, Hierarchical Directory Structures is used. This specific logical tree of directories is used in every file system, as the intuitive way to manage the files. Much like the real tree has all the roots and branches come together in one spot, so too does a file system directory structure.
The base directory of the logical tree is known as “Root Directory”.
As we know by the name root means central that root Directory is a directory that includes all other directories. The root directory in Linux has no specified name. It controls the activity of the all other directories in the tree. It works as the Catalog file in Windows and Mac operating system. It contains the address and path of all the files stored on your computer hard drive.
Operating system reads the files from this logical tree and displays it to user. Sometimes while trying to access a Linux file, you may get the following error messages:
• Can’t access the file
• No such file or directory
• File not found
Sometimes when the root directory of your file system is corrupted and your operating system can’t find the path of specified file and fail to access it. These messages can occur on your screen and the event of root directory corruption can lead to data loss.
In this case, you can recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software. You need for Linux recovery solutions to recover your lost data. You can recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software.
These Linux data recovery software are especially used to recover the lost or inaccessible data from the Linux based hard drive. These software uses advanced scanning algorithms to search and locate the lost data and then recover them. These data recovery software can also recover the Linux volumes with corrupted Inode or super block.
The base directory of the logical tree is known as “Root Directory”.
As we know by the name root means central that root Directory is a directory that includes all other directories. The root directory in Linux has no specified name. It controls the activity of the all other directories in the tree. It works as the Catalog file in Windows and Mac operating system. It contains the address and path of all the files stored on your computer hard drive.
Operating system reads the files from this logical tree and displays it to user. Sometimes while trying to access a Linux file, you may get the following error messages:
• Can’t access the file
• No such file or directory
• File not found
Sometimes when the root directory of your file system is corrupted and your operating system can’t find the path of specified file and fail to access it. These messages can occur on your screen and the event of root directory corruption can lead to data loss.
In this case, you can recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software. You need for Linux recovery solutions to recover your lost data. You can recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software.
These Linux data recovery software are especially used to recover the lost or inaccessible data from the Linux based hard drive. These software uses advanced scanning algorithms to search and locate the lost data and then recover them. These data recovery software can also recover the Linux volumes with corrupted Inode or super block.
Friday, March 27, 2009
Is it Possible to recover Ext2 Partition in Linux?
There are a number of Operating Systems which uses different file systems to give a proper control and management to their files stored on hard drive. As we all know File System is a method for storing and organizing computer files and the data they contain to make it easy to find and access them.
There are two types of file system in Windows as FAT and NTFS file systems, but there is another file system in Linux called Ext2 or Extended File System used in Linux Kernel. It is faster file system and it is used as the benchmarking standard.
Hard drives are partitioned to store one kind of data on one partition to manage them effectively. We use file systems on the logical partitions of harddrive.Different partitions can have different size. Sometimes we need to resize the partitions. It is generally required in two cases:
When the particular partition is small and the amount of data is big.
When the partition is big and it decrease the accessing speed.
These conditions can take place; we resize the partition by increasing or decreasing the size of other partitions. We can resize the partition using two methods:
Formatting and deleting the partitions and them repartitioning the drive.
Resizing dynamically using software
In case of formatting the drive, data loss may occur. To save the data, we need to resize the partitions using software. These software resize the logical partitions without formatting the drive or affecting the existing data. With the help of these software, you can resize the partitions very easily.
We always try to do new experiments and ultimately lost our data with out any prior indication. Whether we are experts or non technical we should not open the hard disk with out having fully knowledge of file systems in Linux as we know if fail to do the job we lost our data and files but the solution is possible in the name of Linux Recovery.
Linux data recovery software are the application programs designed to recover data from Linux Operating System. In this particular case, you need to purchase a data recovery software that can recover data from Ext2 File System. Before purchasing any Linux Recovery software, you should make sure that the particular software you are going to purchase will support the recovery from Ext2 file system and consisting of Ext2 Recovery.
There are two types of file system in Windows as FAT and NTFS file systems, but there is another file system in Linux called Ext2 or Extended File System used in Linux Kernel. It is faster file system and it is used as the benchmarking standard.
Hard drives are partitioned to store one kind of data on one partition to manage them effectively. We use file systems on the logical partitions of harddrive.Different partitions can have different size. Sometimes we need to resize the partitions. It is generally required in two cases:
When the particular partition is small and the amount of data is big.
When the partition is big and it decrease the accessing speed.
These conditions can take place; we resize the partition by increasing or decreasing the size of other partitions. We can resize the partition using two methods:
Formatting and deleting the partitions and them repartitioning the drive.
Resizing dynamically using software
In case of formatting the drive, data loss may occur. To save the data, we need to resize the partitions using software. These software resize the logical partitions without formatting the drive or affecting the existing data. With the help of these software, you can resize the partitions very easily.
We always try to do new experiments and ultimately lost our data with out any prior indication. Whether we are experts or non technical we should not open the hard disk with out having fully knowledge of file systems in Linux as we know if fail to do the job we lost our data and files but the solution is possible in the name of Linux Recovery.
Linux data recovery software are the application programs designed to recover data from Linux Operating System. In this particular case, you need to purchase a data recovery software that can recover data from Ext2 File System. Before purchasing any Linux Recovery software, you should make sure that the particular software you are going to purchase will support the recovery from Ext2 file system and consisting of Ext2 Recovery.
Thursday, March 26, 2009
Ext2 File Corruption in Linux
Linux is a powerful and user friendly operating system. Initially it was intended to offer a free or low-cost operating system for personal computer users. The Linux operating system represents a unique reputation as a very fast processing and efficient operating system. Linux consists of all UNIX components and some additional features like GUI, TCP/IP, X Window System and Emcas editor.
Linux operating system is technically sound and advance, highly configurable and secure operating system. Although the Linux is very secure and reliable operating system, but we all consider that it is man made software. Error may occur in any of the system or application software and it may affected by viruses. And it may cause data loss.
There are many reasons and failures of data loss in Linux operating system. Some of the most common reasons are as follows: -
Server Corruption Errors
File overwrites
Disk Reformatting
Accidental Deletion
Virus attack
The above listed error can happen at any time without any reason; it may cause data loss and may create any serious problem. It is really very critical situation for any organization. But it is not impossible to repair, recover or restore these lost data. You may overcome these problems and recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software available in the market.
There is an extensive collection of Data Recovery Linux software existing in the market. These varies according to the error occurred and the type of file system used by the operating system.
Ext2 is the popular Linux file system. If any corruption is occurred in this file system, then it may cause data loss. If data loss is occurred in Ext2 file system, then you may recover it by using Linux Ext2 Recovery software. With this software, you can scan all your crashed hard drive and can restore the required data.
Linux operating system is technically sound and advance, highly configurable and secure operating system. Although the Linux is very secure and reliable operating system, but we all consider that it is man made software. Error may occur in any of the system or application software and it may affected by viruses. And it may cause data loss.
There are many reasons and failures of data loss in Linux operating system. Some of the most common reasons are as follows: -
Server Corruption Errors
File overwrites
Disk Reformatting
Accidental Deletion
Virus attack
The above listed error can happen at any time without any reason; it may cause data loss and may create any serious problem. It is really very critical situation for any organization. But it is not impossible to repair, recover or restore these lost data. You may overcome these problems and recover your lost data with the help of Linux data recovery software available in the market.
There is an extensive collection of Data Recovery Linux software existing in the market. These varies according to the error occurred and the type of file system used by the operating system.
Ext2 is the popular Linux file system. If any corruption is occurred in this file system, then it may cause data loss. If data loss is occurred in Ext2 file system, then you may recover it by using Linux Ext2 Recovery software. With this software, you can scan all your crashed hard drive and can restore the required data.
Wednesday, March 25, 2009
Reiser FS File System Error: Data Loss in Linux
When we try to access our operating system the Reiser FS kernel detects an error on the hard drive, showing an error messages on the screen. It might be a bug. In the Super Block of Reiser FS file system, there is an Error pasture. It is set when file system kernel notices something bad. What happens in this case? May be the Linux user could not read Syslog and could not see the error message or the error is simple an overture of memory corruption, which could lead system to crash.
In these conditions when you want to access and reboot the system, this goes in the merry way, mounting Reiser FS file system with known errors on the same, using badly allocated memory locations, B-trees and directories etc. Double allocation of memory blocks and overwriting of blocks may also take place, making the files corrupt. We finally come to conclusion that problem would be the severe file system corruption.
For a common user it becomes entirely impossible to fix the file system errors, no disk repair utility can detect the errors. In even the worse scenario, the Reiser FS read Super Block code overwrites the Super Block at mount time. It makes the situations worse and the file system totally useless.
When this situation arises and if you continue using system, the problems may become more horrible. The final results of this whole mishap would be the loss of your significant production as well as personal data stored on your Linux hard drive.
At this situation you need to consult a Linux Data Recovery professional or Data Recovery Linux Software which can save you from going out of business. It is the way out to retrieve all of your lost, missing and inaccessible data from logically failed Linux hard drive.
Data recovery Linux can recover successfully and completely all of your Linux data from your dead hard drive. Linux recovery software are easy to use tools, which systematically scan your affected Linux hard drive and extract as much data as possible.
It is widely important to purchase n efficient and highly developed data recovery Linux tool. A Linux recovery software of trusted brand will give you the best data recovery Linux results and trouble free Linux Recovery.
In these conditions when you want to access and reboot the system, this goes in the merry way, mounting Reiser FS file system with known errors on the same, using badly allocated memory locations, B-trees and directories etc. Double allocation of memory blocks and overwriting of blocks may also take place, making the files corrupt. We finally come to conclusion that problem would be the severe file system corruption.
For a common user it becomes entirely impossible to fix the file system errors, no disk repair utility can detect the errors. In even the worse scenario, the Reiser FS read Super Block code overwrites the Super Block at mount time. It makes the situations worse and the file system totally useless.
When this situation arises and if you continue using system, the problems may become more horrible. The final results of this whole mishap would be the loss of your significant production as well as personal data stored on your Linux hard drive.
At this situation you need to consult a Linux Data Recovery professional or Data Recovery Linux Software which can save you from going out of business. It is the way out to retrieve all of your lost, missing and inaccessible data from logically failed Linux hard drive.
Data recovery Linux can recover successfully and completely all of your Linux data from your dead hard drive. Linux recovery software are easy to use tools, which systematically scan your affected Linux hard drive and extract as much data as possible.
It is widely important to purchase n efficient and highly developed data recovery Linux tool. A Linux recovery software of trusted brand will give you the best data recovery Linux results and trouble free Linux Recovery.
Tuesday, March 24, 2009
Orphan Linked List Found For Inodes in Linux
Linux file systems use Inodes as the standard data structure that stores metadata information that make a file, directory or file system object accessible to the computer system. The metadata information includes file size, file creation and modification details, owner information, permission attributes, access control list and more.
In ext2 and ext3 file systems, file identification starts from inode which is further identified by an inode number. Inode number is what references table of inodes. On the other hand, ReiserFS may don’t have table of inodes and it gives the corresponding information through what is referred as stat data. But there can be issues with inodes that may ultimately create Linux Data Recovery needs.
Inode corruption is critical to the system. The system may not boot up as inodes do the indexing of file system objects as well. Fsck starts automatically if errors are found while system starts and may report inode corruption as:
“Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.”
This error further describes that the solution requires running manual fsck and file system is suffering from unexpected inconsistency. The same error message may also be encountered while checking file system consistency that indicates file system corruption.
• We can try resolving the issue by running manual fsck with appropriate option. The file system should be unmounted first using #unmount command. Running fsck on mounted file system totally corrupts it.
• If the problem persists, we can reformat the drive to recreate file system. The new file system doesn’t carry forward any older file or folder reference. Thus, it is vital to backup all data to use it for restoration to avoid Data Recovery Linux at a later stage. Data backup must be crosschecked so as to ensure its integrity and completeness.
Linux Data Recovery software are the solutions when the data backup is not taken or is corrupt. The applications can be used in all logical data loss scenarios like file system corruption or erroneous disk format operation. Linux Recovery software come with detailed documentation and user friendly interface. They also offer safe and non-destructive hard drive scanning and data restoration.
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is a unique Linux recovery application with power packed features and stable recovery options. It can recover data from ext2, ext3 and ReiserFS file systems based hard disks. It gives safe Data Recovery Linux in all logical data loss cases.
In ext2 and ext3 file systems, file identification starts from inode which is further identified by an inode number. Inode number is what references table of inodes. On the other hand, ReiserFS may don’t have table of inodes and it gives the corresponding information through what is referred as stat data. But there can be issues with inodes that may ultimately create Linux Data Recovery needs.
Inode corruption is critical to the system. The system may not boot up as inodes do the indexing of file system objects as well. Fsck starts automatically if errors are found while system starts and may report inode corruption as:
“Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.”
This error further describes that the solution requires running manual fsck and file system is suffering from unexpected inconsistency. The same error message may also be encountered while checking file system consistency that indicates file system corruption.
• We can try resolving the issue by running manual fsck with appropriate option. The file system should be unmounted first using #unmount command. Running fsck on mounted file system totally corrupts it.
• If the problem persists, we can reformat the drive to recreate file system. The new file system doesn’t carry forward any older file or folder reference. Thus, it is vital to backup all data to use it for restoration to avoid Data Recovery Linux at a later stage. Data backup must be crosschecked so as to ensure its integrity and completeness.
Linux Data Recovery software are the solutions when the data backup is not taken or is corrupt. The applications can be used in all logical data loss scenarios like file system corruption or erroneous disk format operation. Linux Recovery software come with detailed documentation and user friendly interface. They also offer safe and non-destructive hard drive scanning and data restoration.
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is a unique Linux recovery application with power packed features and stable recovery options. It can recover data from ext2, ext3 and ReiserFS file systems based hard disks. It gives safe Data Recovery Linux in all logical data loss cases.
Thursday, March 19, 2009
Linux File System
Few months back I have noticed that it was a bad decision to use XFS as my filesystem; and before I realized that ext3 was not a good choice .
File systems have many problems. I can’t use ext3 on my laptop, because it would check the whole disk (120GB) every 30 boots. And this check takes a very long time. XFS is better, but also problematic because deleting a big directory with a deep hierarchy takes a very long time like, whereas ext3 needs a few seconds. Also I still wonder why XFS needs no checks.
The time needed to check the partition seemed to be much shorter and the speed is about the same as with ext3. The installation will probably be: Install Lenny on a ext3 partition, install kernel with ext4 support, add ext4 to /etc/initramfs-tools/modules, tar the partition, format it as ext4, and untar the contents again; because converting does not bring the advantags of ext4 to already existing files.
BTW, I did some benchmarking with bonnie++, and XFS had about 20,000 operations per second, whereas ext3 had 60,000. ext4dev from Kernel 2.6.27 was a bit slower than ext3
I also tested BTRFS, but BTRFS is 1) not stable enough 2) as slow as XFS. It also shows horrible write performance of 19MB/s using dd, whereas XFS reached 42MB/s. BTW, benchmarking btrfs with bonnie++ only works using “-s 0″, i.e. without I/O performance test, else you receive a kernel bug. I subscribed to the btrfs mailing list, and sent my bug report email 4 times, but it never reached the list it seems.
Monday, March 16, 2009
Different Linux Versions & Data Recovery
Linux operating system has 188 different versions at present. These versions are different from each one and designed to fulfill the requirements of different users and organizations.
Linux is an open source operating system; any user can modify and distribute the source of the operating system in order to customize it according to the requirements.
Some of the versions are not originally designed by the Linux. But some most used Linux Versions are Red Hat, DEBIAN, SUSE, MANDRAKE, GENTOO, CALDERA, and UBUNTU. Different organizations have several distributions that differ in GUI, add-on software, parameters, and basic commands.
Different organizations used different version of Linux and they may face different problems depending while customizing them. General user can’t find the specific software for their Linux versions and generally think that there specific Linux data recovery software.
But there are Linux recovery software available in market .Linux recovery software works according to the file system used in particular version. Most general used file systems of Linux operating system are Ext2, Ext3 and Raiser FS.
When you are about to face or facing data loss and recovery issues on Linux OS and you have lost critical data and want to recover it as soon as possible? If you are experiencing any of the following error messages:
"File not found”
"Unable to read file"
"Cannot read table of mounted file systems"
"Unknown terminal type Linux”
"Cannot initialize drive”
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is advanced and highly advanced scan algorithm used software that can help you in recovering your lost data in all versions of Linux operating system. Its advanced scanning algorithms are used to search and locate the lost data from Ext2, Ext3 and Raiser FS file systems of Linux operating system. The data recovery Linux software is helpful in all possible cases of data loss. Along with the corrupted or lost file system recovery, the software is also capable to recover the lost data from formatted hard drive, lost logical volumes and accidentally deleted Linux data.
You can download and can try software demo version also see how much of your data are recoverable and how much you have lost. After Scanning with the demo version and if you find the satisfactory results, then purchase the activation key of the software to register it and save the data as demo version doesn’t allow you to save the data. The software provides different recovery option such as network, external storage media, and removable storage media or on the same drive on which you have installed this data recovery software.
Linux is an open source operating system; any user can modify and distribute the source of the operating system in order to customize it according to the requirements.
Some of the versions are not originally designed by the Linux. But some most used Linux Versions are Red Hat, DEBIAN, SUSE, MANDRAKE, GENTOO, CALDERA, and UBUNTU. Different organizations have several distributions that differ in GUI, add-on software, parameters, and basic commands.
Different organizations used different version of Linux and they may face different problems depending while customizing them. General user can’t find the specific software for their Linux versions and generally think that there specific Linux data recovery software.
But there are Linux recovery software available in market .Linux recovery software works according to the file system used in particular version. Most general used file systems of Linux operating system are Ext2, Ext3 and Raiser FS.
When you are about to face or facing data loss and recovery issues on Linux OS and you have lost critical data and want to recover it as soon as possible? If you are experiencing any of the following error messages:
"File not found”
"Unable to read file"
"Cannot read table of mounted file systems"
"Unknown terminal type Linux”
"Cannot initialize drive”
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is advanced and highly advanced scan algorithm used software that can help you in recovering your lost data in all versions of Linux operating system. Its advanced scanning algorithms are used to search and locate the lost data from Ext2, Ext3 and Raiser FS file systems of Linux operating system. The data recovery Linux software is helpful in all possible cases of data loss. Along with the corrupted or lost file system recovery, the software is also capable to recover the lost data from formatted hard drive, lost logical volumes and accidentally deleted Linux data.
You can download and can try software demo version also see how much of your data are recoverable and how much you have lost. After Scanning with the demo version and if you find the satisfactory results, then purchase the activation key of the software to register it and save the data as demo version doesn’t allow you to save the data. The software provides different recovery option such as network, external storage media, and removable storage media or on the same drive on which you have installed this data recovery software.
Wednesday, March 11, 2009
Recover Deleted Ext3 File
How files are stored in Linux operating system. File systems are located inside of a disk partition. The partition is usually organized into 512-byte sectors. When the partition is formatted as Ext3, successive sectors will be grouped into blocks, whose size can range from 1 to 4 Kb. The blocks are grouped together into block groups, whose size will be tens of thousands of blocks. Files stored in three major locations: blocks, inodes, and directories. The file content is stored in blocks, which are allocated for the exclusive use of the file. A file is allocated as many blocks as it needs. Generally the file will be allocated consecutive blocks, but this is not always possible.
Many things occur when an Ext3 file is deleted from Linux. Keep in mind that the OS gets to choose exactly what occurs when a file is deleted .At a minimum, the OS must mark each of the blocks, the inode, and the directory entry as unallocated so that later files can use them. This nominal approach is what occurred several years ago with the Ext2 file system. In this case, the recovery process was relatively simple because the inode still contained the block addresses for the file content and tools such as debugfs and e2undel could easily re-create the file. This worked as long as the blocks had not been allocated to a new file and the original content was not overwritten.
With Ext3, there is an additional step that makes recovery much more difficult. When the blocks are unallocated, the file size and block addresses in the inode are cleared; therefore we can no longer determine where the file content was located. We can see the relationship between the directory entry, the inode, and the blocks of an unallocated file.
Recovery Solutions
Components involved with files and which ones are cleared during deletion, we can examine two approaches to file recovery. The first approach uses the application type of the deleted file and the second approach uses data in the journal. Regardless of the approach, you should stop using the file system because you could create a file that overwrites the data you are trying to recover. You can power the system off and put the drive in another Linux computer as a slave drive or boot from a Linux CD.
The first step for both techniques is to determine the deleted file's inode address. This can be determined from debugfs .I'll give the debugfs method here. debugfs comes with most Linux distributions and is a file system debugger. To start debugfs, you'll need to know the device name for the partition that contains the deleted file. In my example, I have booted from a CD and the file is located on /dev/hda5:
# debugfs /dev/hda5
debugfs 1.37 (21-Mar-2005)
debugfs:
We can then use the cd command to change to the directory of the deleted file:
debugfs: cd /home/carrier/
The ls -d command will list the allocated and deleted files in the directory. Remember that the directory entry structure stores the name and the inode of the file and this listing will give us both values because neither is cleared during the deletion process. The deleted files have their inode address surrounded by "<" and ">":
debugfs: ls -d
415848 (12) . 376097 (12) .. 415864 (16) .bashrc
If anyhow you are not able to recover your data you can try Linux data recovery software. Stellar Phoenix Linux data recovery software is very easy to use and provides complete Ext3 recovery solution. This software uses powerful scanning algorithms to search the complete drive thoroughly to locate all the lost files and folders. This data recovery Linux software provides recovery from Ext2, Ext3 & Reiser file system
Many things occur when an Ext3 file is deleted from Linux. Keep in mind that the OS gets to choose exactly what occurs when a file is deleted .At a minimum, the OS must mark each of the blocks, the inode, and the directory entry as unallocated so that later files can use them. This nominal approach is what occurred several years ago with the Ext2 file system. In this case, the recovery process was relatively simple because the inode still contained the block addresses for the file content and tools such as debugfs and e2undel could easily re-create the file. This worked as long as the blocks had not been allocated to a new file and the original content was not overwritten.
With Ext3, there is an additional step that makes recovery much more difficult. When the blocks are unallocated, the file size and block addresses in the inode are cleared; therefore we can no longer determine where the file content was located. We can see the relationship between the directory entry, the inode, and the blocks of an unallocated file.
Recovery Solutions
Components involved with files and which ones are cleared during deletion, we can examine two approaches to file recovery. The first approach uses the application type of the deleted file and the second approach uses data in the journal. Regardless of the approach, you should stop using the file system because you could create a file that overwrites the data you are trying to recover. You can power the system off and put the drive in another Linux computer as a slave drive or boot from a Linux CD.
The first step for both techniques is to determine the deleted file's inode address. This can be determined from debugfs .I'll give the debugfs method here. debugfs comes with most Linux distributions and is a file system debugger. To start debugfs, you'll need to know the device name for the partition that contains the deleted file. In my example, I have booted from a CD and the file is located on /dev/hda5:
# debugfs /dev/hda5
debugfs 1.37 (21-Mar-2005)
debugfs:
We can then use the cd command to change to the directory of the deleted file:
debugfs: cd /home/carrier/
The ls -d command will list the allocated and deleted files in the directory. Remember that the directory entry structure stores the name and the inode of the file and this listing will give us both values because neither is cleared during the deletion process. The deleted files have their inode address surrounded by "<" and ">":
debugfs: ls -d
415848 (12) . 376097 (12) .. 415864 (16) .bashrc
If anyhow you are not able to recover your data you can try Linux data recovery software. Stellar Phoenix Linux data recovery software is very easy to use and provides complete Ext3 recovery solution. This software uses powerful scanning algorithms to search the complete drive thoroughly to locate all the lost files and folders. This data recovery Linux software provides recovery from Ext2, Ext3 & Reiser file system
Sunday, March 8, 2009
Boot Problems of Linux and Recovery from Linux data recovery software
Linux has a mounted file system, in which during the boot process all the operating system get mounted with the help of Linux Ext2, Ext3 and Reiser File Systems, if you want manually mounting of Linux you can use the command ‘#’to check
In the beginning to boot your system you can use bootable cd for booting and loading the operating system files. In any circumstances while booting the system through bootable CD, you may get the following error message:
“File not found”
“Unchecked mounted file system”
“Running fcsk is recommended”
"Unable to read file"
"Cannot read table of mounted file systems"
"Unknown terminal type Linux”
"Cannot initialize drive XYZ"
If your system has this type of error message it means that your system would not boot up and it will stick with boot up window
Above discussed error can occurs due to number of reasons some of them are enlisted below
• Your hard drive gives error message “not supported to bootable cd”
• Due to dirty flag in hard drive volume data damage in Linux operating system
• Virus attack
• System is not properly shutdown.
These error shows that because of some critical situation data has corrupted and valuable data stored on the drive have been lost.
On unusual shutdowns this may happen such as for shutdown –h or –r. If some process is running that declines to expire prevents a dirt free un-mount of the drive, then the meta-data of the file system may not be written on the disk.
Linux operating system has a market into the file system that shows that file system is mounted now. This is then left “unclean” and on reboot the Linux system will detect this and run fsck to attempt and assure no damage proliferates and supplementary damages to the file system.
Linux user can really face very critical situation when they lost there files need that files in Linux recovery. Linux file recovery can only happen with the help of Linux file recovery software.
A ideal Linux recovery can potentially only through application of influential scanning algorithm, So you need to go for advanced and effective data recovery software high class scanning algorithm with the help of you can get back your all precious data .
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is a well known and potentially sound recovery Linux solution that is appropriate in mass Linux data loss. Powerful and highly commendable developed scanning algorithms are used by this Linux data recovery software to get the productive result.
This Software has simple and interactive user interface and divided into steps it doesn’t need a highly skilled user to achieve absolute Linux data recovery.
Linux recovery is executed by the software due to the read only and non destructive nature so checks out the functionality also try on your system.
In the beginning to boot your system you can use bootable cd for booting and loading the operating system files. In any circumstances while booting the system through bootable CD, you may get the following error message:
“File not found”
“Unchecked mounted file system”
“Running fcsk is recommended”
"Unable to read file"
"Cannot read table of mounted file systems"
"Unknown terminal type Linux”
"Cannot initialize drive XYZ"
If your system has this type of error message it means that your system would not boot up and it will stick with boot up window
Above discussed error can occurs due to number of reasons some of them are enlisted below
• Your hard drive gives error message “not supported to bootable cd”
• Due to dirty flag in hard drive volume data damage in Linux operating system
• Virus attack
• System is not properly shutdown.
These error shows that because of some critical situation data has corrupted and valuable data stored on the drive have been lost.
On unusual shutdowns this may happen such as for shutdown –h or –r. If some process is running that declines to expire prevents a dirt free un-mount of the drive, then the meta-data of the file system may not be written on the disk.
Linux operating system has a market into the file system that shows that file system is mounted now. This is then left “unclean” and on reboot the Linux system will detect this and run fsck to attempt and assure no damage proliferates and supplementary damages to the file system.
Linux user can really face very critical situation when they lost there files need that files in Linux recovery. Linux file recovery can only happen with the help of Linux file recovery software.
A ideal Linux recovery can potentially only through application of influential scanning algorithm, So you need to go for advanced and effective data recovery software high class scanning algorithm with the help of you can get back your all precious data .
Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is a well known and potentially sound recovery Linux solution that is appropriate in mass Linux data loss. Powerful and highly commendable developed scanning algorithms are used by this Linux data recovery software to get the productive result.
This Software has simple and interactive user interface and divided into steps it doesn’t need a highly skilled user to achieve absolute Linux data recovery.
Linux recovery is executed by the software due to the read only and non destructive nature so checks out the functionality also try on your system.
Friday, March 6, 2009
How to Recover the Corrupted Files of Linux Due to Improper Shutdown
Due to an improper shutdown, your system may not be able to boot and you might experience some error messages. The error message may sound like the followings:
“Your system appears to have shut down uncleanly
Press Y within 4 seconds to force file system integrity check”
According to the above error message, when you press Y, you may receive another error message stating:
“Checking root filesystem
[/sbin/fsck.ext2 (1) -- /] fsck.ext2 - a /
WARNING: couldn't open /etc/fstat: no such file or directory
ext2fs_check_if_mount/"
Problem
Due to incapability the super block could not read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is authentic and it really contains an ext2 filesystem, then the super block is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193:
No such file or directory while determining whether / is mounted.
fsck.ext2: Is a directory while trying to open /
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit: line 415: failure: command not found.”
After highlighting the above errors, the system does not boot and one cannot access his precious data from hard drive and thus may face the problem of data loss.
Reason
This happens to Linux operating system due to severely corrupted root file system. Due to this problem, the operating system cannot find the required files to boot and thus shows you the error messages.
In Linux operating system, the root file system is the file system which is used to manage data on the root partition, the partition is the one on which operating system is installed. The Root file system retains very significant files and any kind of corruption in these files brings the need of Linux Data Recovery.
Resolution
The Linux Data Recovery is the process of retrieving the missing or inaccessible data from Linux hard drive. This can be done in the best possible way by using Linux Recovery Software. This software is able to scan your hard drive, locate the lost data and then perform Linux Recovery.
http://www.data-recovery-linux.com/linux-ext2-ext3-reiserfs-recovery.php
“Your system appears to have shut down uncleanly
Press Y within 4 seconds to force file system integrity check”
According to the above error message, when you press Y, you may receive another error message stating:
“Checking root filesystem
[/sbin/fsck.ext2 (1) -- /] fsck.ext2 - a /
WARNING: couldn't open /etc/fstat: no such file or directory
ext2fs_check_if_mount/"
Problem
Due to incapability the super block could not read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is authentic and it really contains an ext2 filesystem, then the super block is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193
No such file or directory while determining whether / is mounted.
fsck.ext2: Is a directory while trying to open /
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit: line 415: failure: command not found.”
After highlighting the above errors, the system does not boot and one cannot access his precious data from hard drive and thus may face the problem of data loss.
Reason
This happens to Linux operating system due to severely corrupted root file system. Due to this problem, the operating system cannot find the required files to boot and thus shows you the error messages.
In Linux operating system, the root file system is the file system which is used to manage data on the root partition, the partition is the one on which operating system is installed. The Root file system retains very significant files and any kind of corruption in these files brings the need of Linux Data Recovery.
Resolution
The Linux Data Recovery is the process of retrieving the missing or inaccessible data from Linux hard drive. This can be done in the best possible way by using Linux Recovery Software. This software is able to scan your hard drive, locate the lost data and then perform Linux Recovery.
http://www.data-recovery-linux.com/linux-ext2-ext3-reiserfs-recovery.php
Tuesday, March 3, 2009
Firewall Threat in Mac and Data Loss Issue
Firewall is the protected area to the computer system preventing the entry of the intruders and hence controls the unauthorized access. These are the applications, designed to prevent your data from the illegal intentional users who may delete your data. For Mac users Apple gives the suitability to have the basic firewall. This is the improving curve to the data security aspects and hence reduces the chances of Mac data recovery need.
Even though this is the data loss avoidance device, still due to some mistakes the data can come under danger zone of deletion, explained under. Mac OS X Leopard comes with the improved features in Firewall as new. But if the user chooses to upgrade to Leopard, then few faults have been discovered.
The Apple firewall will not be enabled by default and thus need to be done by the end user. Despite of the fact that you had a running firewall system in the earlier last version of Mac OS X, an upgrade to Leopard needs the manual enabling as “Allow all incoming connections” will be set and thus firewall will be disabled.
However If you are unknown to the fact then during the course, the intruders can negatively peep into your system and may delete it. This has also been reported that if you enable “Block all incoming connections” to run the firewall system, even the access to few internal system services will be allowed. Hence these faults encountered in Apple’s firewall can harshly affect your data.
Mac recovery is the concern required to be tackled at the imminent pace if the lost information worth at the business running and its operations. Surely, in all cases data remain there on your hard drive until overwritten and the proper data recovery Mac would let you to get it back.
This Mac recovery software have the effective mechanism and the apt algorithms to grant the Mac recovery probability to the users, victims of any data loss case Mac data recovery software are the applications which are suitably designed to do this job.
These are the utilities to uncover the data which may be hindering due to mere file system entry erasure. Data recovery Mac software don’t have any give and take with the content and don’t interact with it, thus are powerful enough to avail safe data recovery.
Linux Data Recovery- Windows Platform
In Information technologies world it’s a very difficult to mange the data in large amount some time we need to delete or we accidentally deleted the data.There are so many cases where you can lost your data; like your files got corrupted from virus attack or operating system creates some problems like
file not found
unable to read files
missing logical drive
can’t read mounted file system due to some logical hard drive problems
Then you may realize to recover your lost data. The most trouble arises when your operating system is Linux it becomes more disastrous situation. In that case you need software which can provide you easy to use functionalities.
For Linux data recovery a suitable platform needed for your lost data .In current market so many companies provides these types of software but we always seeks best things which gives us complete satisfaction and easy recovery of lost data. Stellar phoenix Linux Recovery is complete tool for all your problems and you got right place to recover your lost data.
With Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery you need to uninstall your Linux operating system from your computer and install this software in other system having a different (Windows 2000/XP/2003/
It Support ext, exte2, Ext 3, Reiser File system also provides compatibility with Red Hat, Suse, Caldera, SCO, Debian, Mandrake, Sorcerer, TurboLinux, Slackware, Gentoo and others.So Why you are wasting your time don’t get delay try it from free downloading and get the preview and recover your corrupted , damaged ,deleted or lost data.
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